/*
    struct.c

    Written by Tanya Amert for Fall 2024.

    Demonstrates working with structs in C.

    To compile this program:

        gcc -Wall -Werror -g -o struct struct.c

    To run this program:

        ./struct
*/

#include <stdio.h>

// We will define our struct ahead of time.  Don't worry about the
// extra words (e.g., "typedef") yet -- we'll discuss it soon.
typedef struct
{
    int a;      // 4 bytes
    short b;    // 2 bytes
    char c[2];  // two chars, one byte each
    long d;     // 8 bytes
    char *e;    // 8 bytes (we'll talk about why later)
} some_data_t; // <-- treat this as a "type" name

// Builds a struct and prints its values
int main()
{
    // Create a struct of type some_data_t
    some_data_t data;

    // Set the fields
    data.a = 12;
    data.b = 100;
    data.c[0] = 48;
    data.c[1] = 'C'; // why not? this is just the number 67
    data.d = 12345678;
    data.e = "cat";

    // Print out some stuff
    printf("data contains int: %d and short: %d\n", data.a, data.b);
    printf("data contains long: %ld\n", data.d); // %ld because long decimal integer
    printf("data contains two chars: %d and %d ('%c' and '%c')\n", data.c[0], data.c[1], data.c[0], data.c[1]);
    printf("data contains a pointer to a string: \"%s\"\n", data.e); // escape the " so they print

    return 0;
}