CS208 Introduction to Computer Systems
Wednesday, 5 April 2023

+ Queues questions 

+ One pedagogical goal: independence
- Using documentation (e.g., strncpy)
- Reading specifications (e.g., q_insert_tail)
- Experimenting (e.g., strncpy)

+ C structs
- What are they?
- typedef
- . vs. ->
- like classes, but without methods
    - "box of data"
    - "fields" vs. "instance variables"

+ Recap: Memory organization of a C program
- "text" -- instructions (fixed-size at compile time, read-only)
- initialized data (fixed-size at compile time, read-only)
- global variables (fixed-size at compile time, read-write)
- heap (space you allocate via malloc)
- system stack (local variables & function parameters)
    (grows from high addresses towards lower)

+ Recap: Memory & C pointers
- Variables have types
- You can "typecast" some variables from one
    type to another
- Declaring a variable
- Defining a variable
- Declaring/defining/initializing pointers
- Initializing a variable
- The & unary operator
- The * unary operator

+ Break

+ Data representation
- integers, characters, real numbers
- integers
    - "unsigned" integers
    - uh-oh: "byte order"/"endian-ness"
- characters
    - ASCII
    - Unicode
    - encodings: UTF-16
    - byte order